{"id":47372,"date":"2026-05-12T09:41:01","date_gmt":"2026-05-12T07:41:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/internationaljournalists.org\/?p=47372"},"modified":"2026-05-12T14:24:58","modified_gmt":"2026-05-12T12:24:58","slug":"bmde-dikkat-ceken-uyari-avrupa-ulkeleri-surgundeki-muhalif-gazetecileri-korumali","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/internationaljournalists.org\/tr\/bmde-dikkat-ceken-uyari-avrupa-ulkeleri-surgundeki-muhalif-gazetecileri-korumali\/","title":{"rendered":"BM\u2019de dikkat \u00e7eken uyar\u0131: \u201cAvrupa s\u00fcrg\u00fcndeki gazetecileri korumal\u0131\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

Orhan Sait Berber-Cenevre<\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya Bas\u0131n \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc G\u00fcn\u00fc kapsam\u0131nda Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler\u2019de d\u00fczenlenen \u2018S\u00fcrg\u00fcndeki gazetecilerin korunmas\u0131 ve uluslararas\u0131 bask\u0131\u2019 konulu panelde s\u00fcrg\u00fcndeki gazetecilerin kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fu riskler masaya yat\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Panelde konu\u015fan insan haklar\u0131 uzmanlar\u0131 ve bas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc temsilcileri, s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fcn art\u0131k g\u00fcvenli bir alan olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek, gazetecilerin Interpol mekanizmalar\u0131, dijital g\u00f6zetim ve siyasi bask\u0131lar yoluyla hedef al\u0131nmaya devam etti\u011fi vurguland\u0131. Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar, bu durumun art\u0131k k\u00fcresel bir insan haklar\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenlik sorunu haline geldi\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekti. Paneli Uluslararas\u0131 Gazeteciler Derne\u011fi (IJA) ad\u0131na Turkish Minute\u2019den Orhan Sait Berber takip etti.<\/div>\n
\n

T\u00fcrkiye \u00f6rne\u011fi \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131<\/h2>\n

Panelde T\u00fcrkiye, s\u00fcrg\u00fcndeki gazetecilere y\u00f6nelik s\u0131n\u0131r a\u015fan bask\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda en dikkat \u00e7ekici \u00f6rneklerden biri olarak \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Uzmanlar, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin de aralar\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu baz\u0131 otoriter devletlerin muhalif gazetecilere y\u00f6nelik bask\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesine ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve s\u0131\u011f\u0131nma stat\u00fcs\u00fcne ra\u011fmen gazetecilerin hedef al\u0131nmaya devam etti\u011fini ifade etti.<\/p>\n

Panel boyunca en s\u0131k dile getirilen mesaj \u201cS\u00fcrg\u00fcn art\u0131k g\u00fcvenli de\u011fil\u201d oldu.<\/p>\n

BM \u00f6zel raport\u00f6r\u00fcnden Avrupa\u2019ya \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131<\/h2>\n

Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler \u0130fade \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00d6zel Raport\u00f6r\u00fc Irene Khan, Avrupa \u00fclkelerine \u00f6zellikle s\u00fcrg\u00fcndeki T\u00fcrk gazetecilerin korunmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 yapt\u0131. \u201cAvrupa \u00fclkeleri, siyasi ya da ticari ili\u015fkilerin insan haklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mesine izin vermemelidir\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n

\u201cKimi durumlarda T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, Avrupa \u00fclkelerinde ya\u015fayan gazetecilerin geri g\u00f6nderilmesini talep etti ya da onlar\u0131 taciz etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131,\u201d diyen Khan, iltica hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nan gazetecilerin stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn tam olarak korunmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Khan ayr\u0131ca Avrupa \u00fclkelerinin T\u00fcrkiye ile olan siyasi veya ticari ili\u015fkilerinin insan haklar\u0131 y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerinin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7memesi gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Khan, s\u0131n\u0131r a\u015fan bask\u0131n\u0131n yaln\u0131zca bas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc de\u011fil, uluslararas\u0131 hukuk d\u00fczenini de tehdit etti\u011fini vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Interpol sistemine ele\u015ftiri<\/h2>\n

Panelde \u00f6zellikle Interpol mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131n siyasi ama\u00e7larla k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 konusu da ele al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Gazetecileri Koruma Komitesi\u2019nden (CPJ) Fiona O\u2019Brien, bir\u00e7ok gazetecinin haklar\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 b\u00fcltenlerden haberdar bile olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti.<\/p>\n

\u201cBu t\u00fcr uygulamalar insanlar\u0131n seyahat \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, i\u015f hayat\u0131n\u0131 ve aile ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 etkiliyor,\u201d diyen O\u2019Brien, siyasi ama\u00e7l\u0131 taleplerin ciddi ma\u011fduriyet yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti.<\/p>\n

Medya \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00dcst D\u00fczey Hukuk Uzmanlar\u0131 Heyeti \u00fcyesi Can Ye\u011finsu ise Interpol sistemindeki temel sorunu \u015feffafl\u0131k eksikli\u011fi olarak tan\u0131mlad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 Barolar Birli\u011fi\u2019nden Emily Foale de sistem i\u00e7inde gazetecileri korumaya y\u00f6nelik yeterli g\u00fcvencelerin bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti.<\/p>\n

Kanada temsilcisi ise Interpol mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131n siyasi ama\u00e7larla k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n gazeteciler ve muhalifler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ciddi s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edilme riski yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

OHCHR Tematik Kat\u0131l\u0131m ve \u00d6zel Prosed\u00fcrler Direkt\u00f6r\u00fc Peggy Hicks de Interpol k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 b\u00fcltenleri ve uluslararas\u0131 polis i\u015f birli\u011fi mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u201cme\u015fru hukuk uygulamas\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc alt\u0131nda k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131labildi\u011fini\u201d s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

Geri g\u00f6ndermeme ilkesi<\/h2>\n

Panelde, siyasi bask\u0131 ya da i\u015fkence riski bulunan \u00fclkelere zorla geri g\u00f6nderilmeyi yasaklayan \u201cnon-refoulement\u201d (geri g\u00f6ndermeme) ilkesinin korunmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6neminin alt\u0131 \u00e7izildi. Uzmanlar, siyasi nitelikli iade taleplerinin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u015fekilde de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekti\u011fini belirtti.<\/p>\n

Dijital g\u00f6zetim ve yeni bask\u0131 ara\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h2>\n

Konu\u015fmac\u0131lar, s\u00fcrg\u00fcndeki gazetecilerin sadece fiziksel de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda dijital tehditlerle de kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011funu ifade etti. Panelde Pegasus casus yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ve dijital g\u00f6zetim uygulamalar\u0131 da geni\u015f \u015fekilde tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. S\u00fcrg\u00fcndeki gazetecilerin telefonlar\u0131n\u0131n adeta \u201c24 saat \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan g\u00f6zetim cihaz\u0131na\u201d d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc belirtildi.<\/p>\n

ARTICLE 19 temsilcisi Joanna Szyma\u0144ska, sosyal medya platformlar\u0131n\u0131n organize \u015fikayet kampanyalar\u0131 yoluyla gazetecileri susturmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labildi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

Szyma\u0144ska, s\u00fcrg\u00fcndeki gazetecilerin \u201cajan\u201d veya \u201cter\u00f6rist\u201d olarak damgaland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bunun hedef ald\u0131klar\u0131 toplumlarla ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 koparmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti.<\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 Barolar Birli\u011fi\u2019nden Emily Foale da s\u0131n\u0131r a\u015fan bask\u0131n\u0131n giderek daha sofistike bir dijital ve hukuki bask\u0131 sistemine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

Foale, teknoloji \u015firketleri ve sosyal medya platformlar\u0131n\u0131n gazetecileri \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i tehditler ve organize taciz kampanyalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 yeterince koruyamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti.<\/p>\n

BM raport\u00f6r\u00fc Khan da dijital platformlar\u0131n gazetecilerin g\u00fcvenli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in daha fazla sorumluluk almas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n

S\u0131n\u0131r a\u015fan bask\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fcresel boyutu<\/h2>\n

Panelde, Belarus, Rusya ve T\u00fcrkiye gibi \u00fclkelerden gelen \u00f6rnekler \u00fczerinden s\u0131n\u0131r a\u015fan bask\u0131n\u0131n giderek k\u00fcreselle\u015fti\u011fi de\u011ferlendirildi.<\/p>\n

Belaruslu s\u00fcrg\u00fcn gazeteci Yauhen Merkis, gazetecilerin \u201ca\u015f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k\u00e7\u0131\u201d ilan edildi\u011fini, pasaportlar\u0131n\u0131n iptal edildi\u011fini ve ailelerinin bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda tutuldu\u011funu anlatt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Cemal Ka\u015f\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 cinayeti de s\u0131n\u0131r a\u015fan bask\u0131n\u0131n en \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6rneklerinden biri olarak g\u00fcndeme geldi.<\/p>\n

\u201cKa\u015f\u0131k\u00e7\u0131\u2019y\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn. Ne yaz\u0131k ki s\u0131n\u0131r a\u015fan bask\u0131 nedeniyle hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden s\u00fcrg\u00fcndeki gazetecilerin en bilinenlerinden biri.\u201d diyen Irene Khan, otoriter h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin art\u0131k gazetecileri kendi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda da hedef alabildi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

\u201cS\u00fcrg\u00fcn yeni bir bask\u0131 arac\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmemeli\u201d<\/h2>\n

Etkinli\u011fin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 yapan Estonya D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Genel Sekreteri Jonatan Vseviov ise bas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile g\u00fcvenli\u011fin art\u0131k birbirinden ayr\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemeyece\u011fini belirtti.<\/p>\n

\u201cBar\u0131\u015f sessizlik \u00fczerine de\u011fil, ger\u00e7ek, hesap verebilirlik ve g\u00fcven \u00fczerine kurulur,\u201d diyen Vseviov, otoriter devletlerin gazetecileri s\u00fcrg\u00fcnde ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fclkelerde de hedef ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

UNESCO temsilcisi Sylvie Coudray, d\u00fcnya n\u00fcfusunun y\u00fczde 72\u2019sinin otoriter rejimler alt\u0131nda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn son y\u0131llarda ciddi gerileme ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti.<\/p>\n

\u0130ngiltere temsilcisi de Medya \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Koalisyonu\u2019nun s\u0131n\u0131r a\u015fan bask\u0131lar konusunda daha aktif \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayarak s\u00fcrg\u00fcndeki gazetecilerin korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in devletlerin, uluslararas\u0131 kurulu\u015flar\u0131n ve sivil toplumun birlikte hareket etmesi gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

Panelin moderat\u00f6r\u00fc Renaud de Villaines ise s\u00fcrg\u00fcndeki gazetecilerin genellikle s\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesi insan haklar\u0131 ihlallerinin insani y\u00fcz\u00fc haline geldi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek, otoriter h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerden ka\u00e7mak zorunda kalan muhabirlerle dayan\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6nemini vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Panelin sonunda yap\u0131lan de\u011ferlendirmede, s\u00fcrg\u00fcndeki gazetecilerin korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in devletlerin, uluslararas\u0131 kurulu\u015flar\u0131n ve sivil toplumun birlikte hareket etmesi gerekti\u011fi ifade edildi.<\/p>\n

Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n ortak mesaj\u0131 ise net oldu:
\n\u201cS\u00fcrg\u00fcn yeni bir bask\u0131 arac\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmemeli.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Orhan Sait Berber-Cenevre D\u00fcnya Bas\u0131n \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc G\u00fcn\u00fc kapsam\u0131nda Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler\u2019de d\u00fczenlenen \u2018S\u00fcrg\u00fcndeki gazetecilerin korunmas\u0131 ve uluslararas\u0131 bask\u0131\u2019 konulu panelde s\u00fcrg\u00fcndeki gazetecilerin kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fu riskler masaya yat\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Panelde konu\u015fan insan haklar\u0131 uzmanlar\u0131 ve bas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc temsilcileri, s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fcn art\u0131k g\u00fcvenli bir alan olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek, gazetecilerin Interpol mekanizmalar\u0131, dijital g\u00f6zetim ve siyasi bask\u0131lar yoluyla hedef al\u0131nmaya […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":47388,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jf_save_progress":"","_jf_limit_responses":"","jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"format":"standard","jnews_video_option_group":[[]],"override":[{"template":"1","parallax":"1","layout":"no-sidebar-narrow","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"bottom","share_float_style":"share-normal","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_reading_time":"0","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","post_calculate_word_method":"str_word_count","show_zoom_button":"0","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"2"}],"image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"no-crop","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","disable_ad":"0","subtitle":"Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler uzmanlar\u0131 ve bas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc savunucular\u0131, s\u00fcrg\u00fcndeki gazetecilerin Interpol mekanizmalar\u0131, dijital g\u00f6zetim ve siyasi bask\u0131lar yoluyla hedef al\u0131nmaya devam etti\u011fi uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulundu. Avrupa \u00fclkelerine muhalif gazetecilerin korunmas\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 yapt\u0131."},"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_override_counter":{"view_counter_number":"0","share_counter_number":"0","like_counter_number":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"jnews_post_split":{"post_split":[{"template":"1","tag":"h2","numbering":"asc","mode":"normal","first":"0","enable_toc":"0","toc_type":"normal"}]},"footnotes":""},"categories":[5682,1410],"tags":[9901,11070,11072,11071,11075,11076,7174,10721,11074,11073],"class_list":["post-47372","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haber","category-manset","tag-avrupa","tag-bmde","tag-ceken","tag-dikkat","tag-gazetecileri","tag-korumali","tag-muhalif","tag-surgundeki","tag-ulkeleri","tag-uyari"],"yoast_head":"\nBM\u2019de dikkat \u00e7eken uyar\u0131: \u201cAvrupa s\u00fcrg\u00fcndeki gazetecileri korumal\u0131\u201d - International Journalists<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" 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