{"id":32474,"date":"2023-05-16T14:56:50","date_gmt":"2023-05-16T12:56:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ijaev.org\/?p=32474"},"modified":"2023-05-16T15:15:34","modified_gmt":"2023-05-16T13:15:34","slug":"iranda-gazetecilik-en-tehlikeli-meslektir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/internationaljournalists.org\/tr\/iranda-gazetecilik-en-tehlikeli-meslektir\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130ran’da gazetecilik en tehlikeli meslektir"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"Diktat\u00f6rler, s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z kontrol ve itaat i\u00e7in devlete ba\u011fl\u0131 k\u00f6lelere ihtiya\u00e7 duyarlar. Bu k\u00f6leler genellikle a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 radikal inan\u00e7lara sahip, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zay\u0131f \u015fuursuz ki\u015filerdir. Humeyni’nin Devrim Muhaf\u0131zlar\u0131, bu k\u00f6leli\u011fin \u00f6rneklerini resmediyor. Bu ki\u015filere silah verildi\u011finde sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 felaketle sonu\u00e7lanabiliyor. Okullarda ya \u00f6\u011fretmen ya da m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck g\u00f6revlerini \u00fcstleniyorlar. Devrim Muhaf\u0131z\u0131 kimli\u011fini ta\u015f\u0131malar\u0131 devlet i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nem arzediyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130ran rejimi, sosyal medya, televizyon, gazete, kitap, resim ve m\u00fczik gibi ara\u00e7lar\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131yla hayatlar\u0131m\u0131za n\u00fcfuz ediyor. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte, \u0130ran-Irak sava\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6neminde video izlemek bile yasakt\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla video cihaz\u0131 olan evlerde kasetleri saklamak i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00f6ntemler kullan\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. O d\u00f6nemlerde satran\u00e7 oynamak, erkeklerin ti\u015f\u00f6rt giymesi, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k olmas\u0131 ve dar pantolon giymesi de yasakt\u0131. Bu yasaklar\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011fu halen devam ediyor ve bunlar\u0131n hayat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 nas\u0131l esir ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlatmak istiyorum.<\/p>\n

Rejimin kitaplar\u0131 e\u011fitmekten \u00e7ok, insanlar\u0131 manip\u00fcle etme \u00fcst\u00fcne tasarlanm\u0131\u015f. \u0130nand\u0131\u011f\u0131n de\u011ferleri yok etmek, devlete ve liderine ba\u011fl\u0131 olman\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in okutuluyor. Toplumda \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcce sahip olan arka plandaki ki\u015filer, devletin her alan\u0131na n\u00fcfuz etmi\u015fler. \u0130ranl\u0131lar\u0131n devletin tam kontrol\u00fc alt\u0131nda ya\u015famas\u0131n\u0131 istiyorlar.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ocuklu\u011fumda televizyon izlerken, \u00e7ocuk programlar\u0131n\u0131 sunan bir kad\u0131n vard\u0131. \u00c7izgi filmler Tom ve Jerry, Pinokyo, Sinbad, Tusubasa gibi eski \u00e7izgi filmler g\u00f6sterilirdi. Hepsi sans\u00fcrl\u00fcyd\u00fc. Yabanc\u0131 filmlerde kad\u0131nlar k\u0131sa kollu veya dekolte giyilmi\u015fse sans\u00fcrlenirdi. \u015eark\u0131 s\u00f6ylenilen sahneler sans\u00fcrlenir ve yeri gelir nedeni a\u00e7\u0131klamadan yay\u0131ndan kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130ran filmlerindeki aile sahnelerinde k\u0131zlar annelerine, o\u011flanlar babalar\u0131na sar\u0131l\u0131rlar. El ele de\u011fmeleri yasakt\u0131r. Yemek programlar\u0131nda kad\u0131n a\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n bileklerinin g\u00f6sterilmesi yasakt\u0131r. \u015eark\u0131lar genellikle \u015fehitler, devrim ya da dini \u015fark\u0131lardan olu\u015fur. Televizyonda \u0130ngilizce markalar\u0131n isimlerini duyamazs\u0131n\u0131z. H\u00fczn\u00fc dayatarak herkesin bilin\u00e7alt\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etme y\u00f6ntemi olarak kullan\u0131rlar. Diktat\u00f6rler \u00fcmit vermeyi engelleyerek insanlar\u0131 daha kolay kontrol etmeyi ama\u00e7larlar.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ocuklar 90\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda okullarda beyaz ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc, koyu lacivert mantolu \u00fcniforma giyerdi. Duvarlar renksizdi. Siyah renkli yaz\u0131lar, \u015fehit resimleri, ayetler ve Humeyni’nin s\u00f6zleri vard\u0131. Okulun her yerinde Humeyni ve Hameney’in resimleri as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Okullarda renkli kalemler kullanmak yasakt\u0131. Kitaplarda renkli b\u00f6l\u00fcmler \u00e7ok fazla de\u011fildi. Kitaplarda k\u0131z, erkek \u00e7ocu\u011fu ile oynamazd\u0131, sadece hemcinsi ile oynayabilirdi.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00f6\u011fretilerde \u00e7ocuklara mutlulu\u011fun k\u00f6t\u00fc bir \u015fey oldu\u011fu anlat\u0131l\u0131r. Okulda i\u015fkence g\u00f6ren bir ailenin hikayesi anlat\u0131l\u0131r. Devlet okullar\u0131n\u0131n denetimleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekten a\u011flay\u0131p a\u011flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kontrol edilir. \u00d6zellikle Muharrem ay\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frencilerden ac\u0131 verici resimler \u00e7izmeleri istenir.<\/p>\n

REJ\u0130M\u0130N MAKBUL GAZETEC\u0130S\u0130 OLMANIN YOLLARI!<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ortaokullar daha sade ve renksizdir. Duvarlar da as\u0131l\u0131 hi\u00e7bir \u015fey yoktur. Ayna kullanmak ve makyaj yapmak yasakt\u0131. Okul gazetelerinde rejimi \u00f6v\u00fcc\u00fc konular\u0131n \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 istenirdi. Yaz\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z e\u011fer be\u011fenilirse bizleri gazetecilik veya televizyonculuk yapmaya y\u00f6nlendirirlerdi.<\/p>\n

Bu \u015fekilde \u00fcniversiteye ba\u015flayan gazeteci adaylar\u0131 tek elden kontrol edilirler. Devlet bu gazetecileri \u00e7ok seviyor. Beyinlerini y\u0131kayarak yapt\u0131klar\u0131 haberlerle halk\u0131 y\u00f6nlendireceklerinin fark\u0131ndalar. Bu ki\u015filer rejim yanl\u0131s\u0131 haberlerinden dolay\u0131 g\u00fczel paralar kazan\u0131yorlar. E\u011fer bu t\u00fcr bir gazeteci \u00e7ok para kazan\u0131yorsa, bu konuda b\u00fcy\u00fck sorun vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kimi gazeteciler mesleklerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ihtiya\u00e7 sahibi insanlara yard\u0131m ellerini uzat\u0131yor. Ama bu gazetecilere \u00e7ok bask\u0131lar yap\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. Halbuki makalelerini kanunlar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde devlete zarar vermeyecek \u015fekilde yay\u0131nl\u0131yorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Gazeteci Nil\u00fcfer, \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n d\u00fcnya g\u00fcndemine oturmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan Mehsa Emini olay\u0131n\u0131n ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in sadece resimler yay\u0131nlad\u0131. Ger\u00e7ekleri d\u00fcnyaya duyurdu\u011fu i\u00e7in bir casus olarak lanse edildi.<\/p>\n

GAZETEC\u0130 M\u0130 \u0130ST\u0130HBARAT\u00c7I MI? <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130ran’da r\u00f6portaj yapmak isteyen gazetecilerin \u00e7o\u011fu istihbarat ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Kar\u015f\u0131n\u0131zdakinin gazeteci mi yoksa istihbarat\u00e7\u0131 m\u0131 oldu\u011funu bilerek sorular\u0131 cevaplamal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. Muhalif s\u00f6ylemlerde bulunman\u0131z halinde g\u00f6z alt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n

Gazeteciler ger\u00e7ekleri s\u00f6yleyince hapse at\u0131l\u0131rlar veya idam edilirler. \u0130ran’da gazeteci olmak \u2018idam ipini\u2019 elinde tutmak demektir. Kitaplar sans\u00fcrlenir. Bir yazar, devletin onay\u0131n\u0131 almadan kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131mlayamaz. \u0130ran’da hem yazmak hem de yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k en tehlikeli meslektir.<\/p>\n

\u0130ran gazetelerinde yabanc\u0131 kelimelere yer verilmez. \u0130slam k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn izleri yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131kta kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Gen\u00e7 gazeteciler devletin d\u00fczenledi\u011fi etkinliklerine kat\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 zorunludur. Gazetecilerin \u00e7o\u011funun referans olarak bir Molla arkada\u015f\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu sadece \u0130ran’a mahsus bir olayd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

ANNEM\u0130N GEN\u00c7L\u0130K D\u00d6NEMLER\u0130NDEN DE GE\u00c7M\u0130\u015e\u0130 YA\u015eADIK<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Annemin gen\u00e7lik d\u00f6nemi ile benim gen\u00e7li\u011fim aras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck farklar var. \u0130lkokul d\u00f6neminde, annemin resmine bakar ve kendi ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m d\u00f6nemin daha ge\u00e7mi\u015f tarihte kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrd\u00fcm. Babam uydu televizyonu getirmi\u015f ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e m\u00fczik kanal\u0131n\u0131 izlerdik. Kendimizi bamba\u015fka bir d\u00fcnyada hissederdik. O d\u00f6nemlerde televizyon izlemek yasakt\u0131. Yakalanman\u0131z durumunda hapse at\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131n\u0131z. Bu bizi korkuturdu. Ama televizyon sayesinde d\u00fcnyan\u0131n normal oldu\u011funu, sadece bizim farkl\u0131 oldu\u011fumuzu g\u00f6r\u00fcrd\u00fck.<\/p>\n

\u015eimdilerde d\u00fcnyada olanlar\u0131 g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flad\u0131k. Farkl\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrler, ya\u015fam tarzlar\u0131 ve insanlar hakk\u0131nda daha \u00e7ok \u015fey \u00f6\u011freniyoruz. Bu da beni ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fc, anlay\u0131\u015fl\u0131 bir insan yapt\u0131. Hayat\u0131n hem g\u00fczel ve hem de zorlu y\u00f6nlerini g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flad\u0131m.<\/p>\n

\u0130ran halk\u0131, Taliban\u2019\u0131n Afganistan\u2019da uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yasaklar ve \u00f6zellikle kad\u0131nlar \u00fczerindeki bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hi\u00e7 \u015fa\u015f\u0131rmad\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc biz bu yasaklar\u0131 y\u0131llard\u0131r ya\u015f\u0131yoruz. Devlet y\u00f6neticileri yasaklar\u0131 uygularken beyinleri y\u0131kanm\u0131\u015f bir \u015fekilde davran\u0131yorlar. Bunlar\u0131n \u0130slam’la bir alakas\u0131 yok. \u00c7o\u011fu insan \u0130ran’\u0131n nerede oldu\u011funu biliyor, bilmeyenler de zaten Mehsa Emini’nin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinden sonra \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n

Her ne kadar bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda ya\u015fasak da \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe olan inanc\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kaybetmemeliyiz. \u0130nan\u0131yorum ki bir g\u00fcn \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcze kavu\u015faca\u011f\u0131z ve ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z zul\u00fcmler son bulacak. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n e\u011fitim hakk\u0131, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi temel insan haklar\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7meyece\u011fiz. Birlikte m\u00fccadele ederek, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada h\u00e2kim oldu\u011fu bir gelecek in\u015fa edebiliriz. Bu yolda en \u00f6nemlisi birbirimize destek olarak umudumuzu kaybetmemizdir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

* Azadeh Dindar<\/strong> insan haklar\u0131 savunucusu ve elektrik m\u00fchendisi olarak \u0130ran d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hayat\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Diktat\u00f6rler, s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z kontrol ve itaat i\u00e7in devlete ba\u011fl\u0131 k\u00f6lelere ihtiya\u00e7 duyarlar. Bu k\u00f6leler genellikle a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 radikal inan\u00e7lara sahip, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zay\u0131f \u015fuursuz ki\u015filerdir. Humeyni’nin Devrim Muhaf\u0131zlar\u0131, bu k\u00f6leli\u011fin \u00f6rneklerini resmediyor. Bu ki\u015filere silah verildi\u011finde sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 felaketle sonu\u00e7lanabiliyor. Okullarda ya \u00f6\u011fretmen ya da m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck g\u00f6revlerini \u00fcstleniyorlar. Devrim Muhaf\u0131z\u0131 kimli\u011fini ta\u015f\u0131malar\u0131 devlet i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nem arzediyor. \u0130ran […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":32475,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jf_save_progress":"","_jf_limit_responses":"","jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"template":"1","single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"0","layout":"no-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"bottom","share_float_style":"share-normal","show_share_counter":"0","show_view_counter":"0","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"0","show_post_author":"0","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"0","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"0","show_post_reading_time":"0","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","show_zoom_button":"0","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"0","show_prev_next_post":"0","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"2","show_author_box":"0","show_post_related":"1","show_inline_post_related":"1"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"no-crop","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post":"0","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","sponsored_post_name":"","sponsored_post_url":"","sponsored_post_logo_enable":"0","sponsored_post_logo":"","sponsored_post_desc":"","disable_ad":"0"},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":"","hide":""},"jnews_override_counter":{"override_view_counter":"0","view_counter_number":"0","override_share_counter":"0","share_counter_number":"0","override_like_counter":"0","like_counter_number":"0","override_dislike_counter":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"jnews_post_split":{"enable_post_split":"0","post_split":[{"template":"1","tag":"h2","numbering":"asc","mode":"normal","first":"0","enable_toc":"0","toc_type":"normal"}]},"footnotes":""},"categories":[5682,5571,1410],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32474","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haber","category-journalist-post","category-manset"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0130ran'da gazetecilik en tehlikeli meslektir - International Journalists<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/internationaljournalists.org\/tr\/iranda-gazetecilik-en-tehlikeli-meslektir\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0130ran'da gazetecilik en tehlikeli meslektir - International Journalists\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Diktat\u00f6rler, s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z kontrol ve itaat i\u00e7in devlete ba\u011fl\u0131 k\u00f6lelere ihtiya\u00e7 duyarlar. Bu k\u00f6leler genellikle a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 radikal inan\u00e7lara sahip, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zay\u0131f \u015fuursuz ki\u015filerdir. Humeyni’nin Devrim Muhaf\u0131zlar\u0131, bu k\u00f6leli\u011fin \u00f6rneklerini resmediyor. Bu ki\u015filere silah verildi\u011finde sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 felaketle sonu\u00e7lanabiliyor. Okullarda ya \u00f6\u011fretmen ya da m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck g\u00f6revlerini \u00fcstleniyorlar. 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